abstract：:This study analyzed macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) production and neutrophil recruitment in urinary tract in response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an ascending model of urinary tract infection (UTI) in mice. Both planktonic and biofilm cells of P. aeruginosa were used for inducing UTI in mice. MIP-2 levels ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Mittal R,Chhibber S,Sharma S,Harjai K

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A common theme in bacterial disease is the manipulation of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton by pathogenic factors. Understanding how virulence factors operate to achieve these alterations is a growing and important research effort. This review focuses on several virulence factors from the pathogen Salmonella, and considers...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Lilić M,Stebbins CE

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protective immunity against cutaneous leishmaniasis is dependent on the induction of Th1/Tc1 immune responses resulting in efficient parasite elimination. In this review, the mechanisms leading to protection are discussed with special focus on the role of Leishmania major-infected dendritic cells (DC) in induction of ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： von Stebut E,Udey MC

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toll-like receptors recognize specific patterns of microbial components and regulate the activation of both innate and adaptive immunity. TLR4 recognizes lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in monocytes/macrophages with the help of other molecules like CD14 and MD-2, which indicates that the functional LPS receptor forms a large...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Moreno C,Merino J,Ramírez N,Echeverría A,Pastor F,Sánchez-Ibarrola A

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Receptor-mediated endocytosis is known to play an important role in the entry of many viruses into host cells. However, the exact internalization mechanism has, until recently, remained poorly understood for many medically important viruses, including influenza. Developments in real-time imaging of single viruses as w...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Lakadamyali M,Rust MJ,Zhuang X

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro antiviral properties of pterocarnin A, extracted from the bark of Pterocarya stenoptera (Juylandaceae). Results showed that pterocarnin A exhibited anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) activity. It had a low selectivity index (SI) value and only possessed some level...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Cheng HY,Lin TC,Yang CM,Wang KC,Lin CC

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While the Vif protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is essential for viral replication in non-permissive cells, it is rapidly degraded intracellularly. We have previously suggested that the rapid turn-over of Vif is biologically meaningful to prevent detrimental effects of this protein at high express...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Fujita M,Akari H,Sakurai A,Yoshida A,Chiba T,Tanaka K,Strebel K,Adachi A

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies by DNA-DNA hybridisation assays conducted on a large collection of Escherichia coli strains isolated from chickens, ducks and turkeys suffering from colibacillosis, showed that 76% of the strains were negative for the presence of the pap gene cluster. The objective of this paper was to study the virulen...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Stordeur P,Brée A,Mainil J,Moulin-Schouleur M

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cryptosporidium parvum is an intracellular protozoan parasite that causes severe infection in humans and animals. The great difficulties in treating people and animals suffering from cryptosporidiosis have prompted the development of in vitro experimental models. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that C. parvum...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Lacharme L,Villar V,Rojo-Vazquez FA,Suárez S

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to invade mammalian cells, Trypanosoma cruzi infective forms cause distinct rearrangements of membrane and host cell cytoskeletal components. Rho GTPases have been shown to regulate three separate signal transduction pathways, linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of distinct actin filament struct...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Fernandes AB,Mortara RA

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, the effect of Yersinia derivatives on nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production by murine peritoneal macrophages was investigated. Addition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to the macrophage culture resulted in NO production that was dose dependent. On...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Carlos IZ,Silva Monnazzi LG,Falcão DP,Machado de Medeiros BM

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell-mediated immunity, leading to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-constraining granuloma formation, is the major component of host defense against tuberculosis and is regulated by the balance of cytokines secreted mostly by mononuclear phagocytes and lymphocytes. To better understand the role of monocytes in the reg...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Pereira CB,Palaci M,Leite OH,Duarte AJ,Benard G

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Onchocerca volvulus is a tissue-invasive parasitic nematode causing skin and eye pathology in human onchocerciasis. The filariae habour abundant intracellular Wolbachia bacteria, now recognised as obligatory symbionts, and therefore emerging as a novel target for chemotherapy. Recent research demonstrates that both th...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Brattig NW

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) present marked involvement of the lungs during the course of the mycosis. The purpose of this work was to obtain bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from these patients to study the cytopathology, TNF levels and the oxidative and fungicidal response of alveolar macrophages (AM...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Calvi SA,Soares AM,Peraçoli MT,Franco M,Ruiz RL Jr,Marcondes-Machado J,Fecchio D,Mattos MC,Mendes RP

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vibrio cholerae induces either non-inflammatory diarrhea or inflammatory gastroenteritis, depending on the presence of cholera toxin, a fluid secretion inducer and a modulator of host immunity. In the absence of cholera toxin, other toxins induce inflammation, resulting in gastroenteritis. Thus, multiple toxins likely...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Satchell KJ

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the association of viral infections with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), we assayed 2', 5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5AS) activities in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from CFS patients in Japan. These patients were diagnosed in two hospitals, H1 and H2, located in different areas of the country. ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Ikuta K,Yamada T,Shimomura T,Kuratsune H,Kawahara R,Ikawa S,Ohnishi E,Sokawa Y,Fukushi H,Hirai K,Watanabe Y,Kurata T,Kitani T,Sairenji T

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Comparative genomics and microarrays reveal that the genomes of different Salmonella enterica serovars are distinguished from each other by the presence or absence of hundreds of genes. The distribution of these variable genome regions is often not clonal. Therefore, lateral gene transfer (LGT) plays an important role...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Porwollik S,McClelland M

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the thymic and peripheral T-lymphocyte subsets in BALB/c mice undergoing acute or chronic Trypanosoma cruzi infection, in terms of expression of particular Vbeta rearrangements of the T-cell receptor. We first confirmed the severe depletion of CD4(+)CD8(+) thymocytes following acute T. cruzi infection....

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Mendes-da-Cruz DA,de Meis J,Cotta-de-Almeida V,Savino W

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Helicobacter pylori colonizes the gastric mucosa. H. pylori infection is the main cause of peptic ulcer and gastric malignancy. This review gives an overview on the epidemiology of H. pylori infection and H. pylori-associated diseases in the developed world, mainly Europe, and it discusses very recent developments wit...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Rothenbacher D,Brenner H

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The filoviruses, Ebola and Marburg, are two of the most pathogenic viruses, causing lethal hemorrhagic fever in humans. Recent discoveries suggest that filoviruses, along with other phylogenetically or functionally related viruses, utilize a complex mechanism of replication exploiting multiple cellular components incl...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Aman MJ,Bosio CM,Panchal RG,Burnett JC,Schmaljohn A,Bavari S

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In human blood, promastigotes bind natural antibodies and activate the classical complement pathway. C3-opsonized promastigotes immune-adhere within seconds to erythrocytes. Promastigote lysis by complement parallels C3 deposition kinetics, and ~90% of promastigotes are killed after 2.5 min. During infection, compleme...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Domínguez M,Moreno I,Aizpurua C,Toraño A

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The identification of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae outer membrane proteins (OMPs) that may stimulate immunity to swine dysentery is important for vaccine development. We report here the analysis of a novel locus, blpGFEA, encoding four tandem paralogous proteins of approximately 30 kDa from B. hyodysenteriae. The four p...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Cullen PA,Coutts SA,Cordwell SJ,Bulach DM,Adler B

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Black rats (Rattus rattus) receiving Leishmania tropica injected intradermally into the ear were studied for the persistence of parasites and infectivity to natural sand fly vector. The mammalian host, the parasite, and the vector all originated from the endemic focus of Urfa, Turkey. Rats did not develop lesions or a...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Svobodová M,Votýpka J,Nicolas L,Volf P

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immune-mediated clearance of virus from the central nervous system (CNS) differs from that of the other organs. Mechanisms of virus control are largely dependent upon the target cell type. Although cytolytic T lymphocytes may mediate clearance of virus from glial cells, non-cytolytic mechanisms mediated by antibody an...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Binder GK,Griffin DE

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Memory T cells are derived directly from effector cells without need for additional antigen, TcR triggering or induced cytokines. A large fraction of effectors can become memory cells without division, supporting a default pathway with little further differentiation. This suggests that the same signals during infectio...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Swain SL

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection causes severe lower respiratory diseases in infancy, early childhood and the elderly. RSV infections respond poorly to current therapies. Therefore, we initiated a search for novel drug targets by investigating the characteristics and identity of RSV adhesion receptors on ma...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Malhotra R,Ward M,Bright H,Priest R,Foster MR,Hurle M,Blair E,Bird M

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) directed against bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) were repeatedly found in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. We analyzed the effect of BPI-ANCA in inhibiting neutrophil-mediated killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The bactericidal effect expressed as percentag...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Sedivá A,Bartůnková J,Bartosová J,Jennette C,Falk RJ,Jethwa HS

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viral infections induce first a loss and then an increase in natural killer (NK) and CD8(+) T cells. NK cells expressing Ly49G2 were selectively expanded by several viruses and poly I:C. CD8(+) T cells expressing Ly49G2 were selectively expanded by poly I:C and participated in the antigen-specific response to lymphocy...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Peacock CD,Xu W,Stepp SE,Welsh RM

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this review, we give a summary of recent examples of hybridisation in fungi. Reports on hybridisation between pathogenic fungi infecting plants have increased during the last decade. Hybrids of plant pathogens may create devastating new diseases on both cultivated and wild plants; at the same time, hybridisation is...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Olson A,Stenlid J

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the brain, glial cells are target cells for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and HIV. We infected cultures of unstimulated human microglial cells and astrocytes of embryonic origin and of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) with HCMV strain AD169 and observed down-regulation of the plasma membrane expression of CCR5...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Lecointe D,Dugas N,Leclerc P,Hery C,Delfraissy JF,Tardieu M

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The vif gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is essential for virus growth in non-permissive cells such as H9. To elucidate the mechanism of action of the Vif protein, vif mutants, which show trans-dominant negative effects on the replication of HIV-1, would be useful tools. In this study, a new assay s...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Fujita M,Matsumoto S,Sakurai A,Doi N,Miyaura M,Yoshida A,Adachi A

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anaerobic bacteria can cause a variety of endogenous infections in children. Because of their fastidious nature, they are difficult to isolate from infectious sites, and are often overlooked. Anaerobic infections can occur in all body sites, including the central nervous system, oral cavity, head and neck, chest, abdo...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Brook I

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of inbred lines of chickens have been shown to be resistant or susceptible to systemic salmonellosis caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum in adult birds, or by S. enterica serovar Enteritidis and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium in young chicks. Resistant lines show only moderate pathology and low ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Wigley P,Hulme SD,Bumstead N,Barrow PA

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leprosy is a chronic infection of the skin and nerves caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a reactive state in lepromatous leprosy. Thalidomide has been used to treat ENL since the 1960s. One of its mechanisms of action is anti-inflammatory through selective inhibition of the pro-inflamma...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Teo S,Resztak KE,Scheffler MA,Kook KA,Zeldis JB,Stirling DI,Thomas SD

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a member of the Aphthovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family. Seven distinct serotypes, each including a wide range of variants, have been defined. FMD, affects wild and domesticated ruminants and pigs, is difficult to control and is the major constraint to international trade ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Alexandersen S,Zhang Z,Donaldson AI

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mathematical models of the dynamics of HIV and hepatitis C virus infection have proven to be of great utility in understanding pathogenesis and designing better treatments. Here, we review the state of the art in modeling and interpreting data obtained from hepatitis B virus infected patients treated with antiviral ag...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Ribeiro RM,Lo A,Perelson AS

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Major advances have recently been achieved in the area of microbial recognition by the innate immune system. In this Forum, we discuss important issues related to innate recognition of bacteria and protozoan parasites. In particular, we highlight the structural characterization of pathogen-associated molecular pattern...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Teixeira MM,Almeida IC,Gazzinelli RT

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review summarizes recent work from our laboratory demonstrating the activation of B lymphocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells by DNA from three different protozoan parasites of cattle and humans that is qualitatively similar to the now well-described effects of CpG-containing bacterial DNA. This novel mechanis...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Brown WC,Corral RS

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previously, we established HEp2 cell lines which express the US3 protein kinase of herpes simplex virus type 2 upon induction with IPTG. Using these cells, we examined whether expression of US3 is sufficient to protect cells from apoptotic cell death induced by sorbitol. Cells expressing US3 showed significantly reduc...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Murata T,Goshima F,Yamauchi Y,Koshizuka T,Takakuwa H,Nishiyama Y

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance and virulence properties among Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates collected in 1999 from patients hospitalized in the intensive care units of the centre hospitalier d'Orléans, in France. We compared the totality of the strains from mechanically ventilated...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Di Martino P,Gagnière H,Berry H,Bret L

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00